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CALL FOR ARTICLE PROPOSALS FOR AGG+ 2025_13(1) IS OPEN UNTIL JULY 1!

AGG+ Journal for Architecture, Civil Engineering, Geodesy and Related Scientific Fields is now welcoming article submissions. We kindly invite scholars from a wide variety of backgrounds to submit proposals for volume 13 (2025).

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Edited by:

Maja Ilić & Nevena Novaković

Vol 13, No 2 (2025):

AGG+ Journal for Architecture, Civil Engineering, Geodesy, and Related Scientific Fields

Published: 31.12.2025.

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08.05.2025. Original scientific paper Architecture Online first
The Impact of Navigation Strategies on Spatial Memory Formation in Virtual Architectural Spaces

By Dajana Papaz, Maja Ilić

This study investigates how navigation strategies in virtual environments affect spatial memory formation and environmental understanding. As navigation plays a fundamental role in how people experience and interpret space, especially in enclosed architectural spaces, exploring the cognitive processes behind movement and orientation remains crucial. However, the relationship between navigation strategy and spatial memory is still not fully understood, particularly in virtual contexts. This research examines how different navigation strategies influence spatial comprehension and how these behaviors contribute to our understanding of human decision-making and movement through built environments. Fifteen architecture students participated in a virtual reality experiment, navigating a multi-room space to locate specific objects using Meta Quest 2 headsets. Participants explored a 54.67m² space with six distinctive rooms, then drew floor plans from memory and answered questions about spatial features. Analysis of movement patterns, verbal descriptions, drawing accuracy, and spatial perception revealed distinct navigation preferences: participants using primarily allocentric (environment-referenced) strategies demonstrated 21.5% better drawing accuracy and more comprehensive spatial understanding, while those employing egocentric (self-referenced) strategies showed superior sequential memory but poorer global spatial comprehension. The study identified an optimal exploration time (5–8 minutes) balancing task completion with environmental awareness. Results indicate that virtual spaces should incorporate features supporting both navigation strategies, with broader exploration promoting a shift from egocentric to allocentric processing. These findings have significant implications for architectural education, virtual environment design, and spatial cognition research, offering valuable insight into human behavior and decision-making in indoor spatial settings.

07.05.2025. Original scientific paper Architecture Online first
The Room as a Starting Point in Architectural Design: Childhood Memory and the Formation of Spatial Understanding

By Jelena Stanković Aćić, Diana Stupar

This paper portrays the room as the fundamental beginning of architecture, exploring how our earliest spatial memories shape the way we perceive and understand architectural space. Drawing on Louis Kahn's philosophical reflections on the room as architecture's elemental unit, the insights of Peter Zumthor and other architects on childhood memories, and empirical evidence from 78 architecture students' representations of their earliest spatial recollections, this paper explores the formative role of early spatial perception in the development of architectural consciousness. Our analysis identifies seven recurring themes in spatial memory that resonate with Kahn's theoretical framework: the primacy of light and openings, the significance of haptic experience, child-scale perception, the room as a refuge, the integration of organic elements, spaces defined by movement, and rooms activated by human presence. These findings suggest that architectural theory is rooted not merely in intellectual construction but in universal human experience. The room emerges as a complex constellation of memory, identity, and embodied experience—an elemental starting point from which architecture evolves both individually and collectively.

15.03.2025. Original scientific paper Civil Engineering Online first
Combined Stabilization of Clay Using Lime and PVC Fibers

By Hadj Bekki, Feriel Berrahou, Lamia Bendjilali, Naceur Katbi

Reinforcing soil for foundations or embankments is crucial for ensuring structural stability and longevity. Many methods are used in Geotechnics to reinforce soils, which can be broadly categorized into chemical processes and mechanical approaches. Furthermore, reinforcing soils with fibres is an effective technique in geotechnical engineering to enhance the mechanical properties of soils, such as their strength, stiffness, and resistance to deformation. Despite significant research in this area, the stabilization of clay soils remains a dynamic and evolving field, with ongoing efforts to explore innovative materials, advanced techniques, and sustainable practices to address the challenges associated with problematic soils in construction and infrastructure development. This research aims to improve the geotechnical characteristics of very plastic clay by a combined stabilization: lime treatment at a minimum dosage and reinforcement with PVC (polyvinyl chloride )-type plastic fibres of different sizes from industrial waste. The study involves a comprehensive approach to soil stabilization by first characterizing the reference clay material, then enhancing its properties through lime pre-treatment and reinforcement with plastic waste, followed by assessing the geotechnical properties through various tests: bearing capacity, compressibility and direct shear tests. As a result, Californian Bearing Ratio (CBR)  immersion tests revealed that mixtures of treated clay and PVC fibres achieve acceptable bearing capacity under low and medium compaction energies without requiring intense compaction. Furthermore, Unconsolidated undrained shear tests highlighted the short-term behavioural improvements from combining lime treatment with PVC fibres, while œdometric tests demonstrated their positive impact on the swelling and compression of plastic clays. Through this experimental study, it can be concluded that the treatment of clay with lime at minimum dosage and the reinforcement of its structure with the addition of PVC waste is an interesting technical solution for the improvement of clay soil behaviour.

Current issue
31.12.2025. Review scientific paper
On Simplified Approaches of Seismic Analysis of Tunnels

By Elefterija Zlatanović, Zoran Bonić, Nemanja Marinković, Nikola Romić

31.12.2025. Original scientific paper
Numerical Modeling of Tunnel Excavation and Support Using the Deconfinement Method for Static and Seismic Conditions

By Zlatko Zafirovski, Bojan Susinov, Sead Abazi, Ivona Nedevska Trajkova, Riste Ristov, Vasko Gacevski, Mihaela Daniloska, Angela Naumceska

31.12.2025. Review scientific paper
The Effect of Masonry Infill Model Selection on the Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures

By Anđelko Cumbo, Gordana Broćeta, Marina Latinović Krndija, Slobodan Šupić, Žarko Lazić

31.12.2025. Review scientific paper
Environmental Impact Assessment and Seismic Hazard Analysis: Petrinja 2020 Experience

By Branko Kordić, Stéphane Baize, Josipa Maslač Soldo

31.12.2025. Review scientific paper
Modeling Tectonic Movements Using the Kalman Filter on GNSS Coordinate Time Series

By Vladan Janković, Tanja Đukanović, Sanja Tucikešić

Recent issues
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28.12.2023. Original scientific paper
Principles of Design, Materialization, and Optimization of the Strut-Type Hybrid Systems

By Slađana Miljanović, Muhamed Zlatar

The strut-type hybrid system can be made in different geometric shapes, which are affected by: the number and arrangement of struts, the shape and position of the cable in relation to the girder, and the size and shape of the cross-section of the girder. When choosing a system, all the listed parameters can vary geometrically, which has consequences on the behaviour of the girder when carrying the load by directly affecting the change in the stiffness of the system. In addition to the geometric parameters, the stiffness of the hybrid system is affected by variations in the properties of the incorporated materials and their mutual relations. In this paper, based on a detailed parametric analysis, the principles of design, the choice of materialisation, and the possibility of further optimisation of the persistent-type hybrid systems are given, with the aim of additionally increasing the load capacity and reducing the deformability. The results of this research are presented in the form of general expressions and diagrams, which can be applied with sufficient accuracy in practice when choosing the form and materialisation of the hybrid system, as well as the possibility of further optimisation of the system by applying pre-stressing. Using the example of external pre-stressing of a glued laminated timber girder, with the assumption of ensuring the lateral stability of the system, the results of the analysis of the behaviour of such a system under load in real conditions, i.e. the influence of the environment and changes in material properties, are given.

28.12.2023. Original scientific paper
Material Memory Properties

By Dragan D. Milašinović

28.03.2024. Review scientific paper
Modernism in the Petrified Landscape: Architecture in Montenegro 1945-1980

By Slavica Stamatović Vučković, Danilo Bulatović

28.12.2023. Original scientific paper
Improvement of Hot Mix Asphalt Using Waste Plastic

By Hadj Bekki, Latifa Meziou, Lotfi A. Belhadj

09.12.2022. Original scientific paper
Perception of Heritage Values: Experiential Qualitative Model for Assessing the Urban Potential

By Vanja Spasenović

Modern-day is defined as a period of globalization, a complex construct that can pose a threat to maintaining the uniqueness of a place and creating a distinctive city identity. The hypothesis of this paper is that, while the phenomenon of globalization is researched within different disciplines, a common interdisciplinary theme stands out - the experience and perception of urban space that further builds a unique impression of the observed scene. The assumption will be investigated through the formation of a qualitative model for examining the urban potential with the aim of affirming the visual quality of the place as an important factor in the construction of local identity. The established model is examined through case studies of the 20th-century heritage. This period was chosen because it represents the subject of a contemporary global discussion about the conservation, activation and use of heritage in urban structures. The premise is that the qualitative model can be adequately applied to architecture from this period and contribute to its visibility and understanding, as well as to the examination of its role in the creation of contemporary local identity. The research is significant because it enables an interdisciplinary consideration of heritage as a key factor in building the modern city identity based on its visual impression.

28.03.2024. Original scientific paper
Visions and Narratives of Large-Scale Projects of Socialist Vojvodina

By Aleksandar Bede

09.12.2022. Review scientific paper
Responsible Education of Architects – Experience From International Research Projects at the University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture

By Ana Nikezić

EAAE Charter on Architectural Research states that architecture is facing challenges of globalization, rapid urbanization, ecological disturbance and social transformation that necessitate permanent development in the field of education [1]. Educators, in particular, faculties and universities, need to understand and explain those changes and find a way to broaden the competencies of future generations to accept and deepen a responsible attitude towards the environment. Apart from permanent curricula improvements and innovative ways of intertwining research and teaching into a unique educational agenda, one of the essential components is also internationalization, both on the level of the study program and the level of student and staff mobility. The University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture is determined to strategically enhance the educational process through internationalization under the umbrella of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Green Deal and New European Bauhaus. In that way, research and education expand horizons mutually, with international experience and expertise widening our knowledge and learning to accept differences and responsibilities as educators and architects.

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